Biomembranes: lipids, proteins and their interactions. Mechanisms of membrane transport. Transporters, ion chanels, ionophores. Membrane transpoert ATPases. Enzymes, prosthetic groups and electron transporters in bioenergetically important redox reactions. Membrane bound electron transport chains. Methods how to study the electron transport chains. Artificial donors and acceptors. Coupling of redox reactions with the generation of proton gradient. Mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. Aerobic respiration in chemoorganotrophic and chemolithotrophic bacteria. Anaerobic respiration. Regulative mechanisms in facultativ anaerobs. Bacteriorhodopsin photosynthesis. Anoxygenic and oxygenic photosynthesis dependent on (bacterio) chlorophyll, cooperation of photosystems in oxygenic photosynthesis. Carbon fixation. Mutual metabolic cooperation of mitochondria, chloroplasts and cytoplasm. Mechanochemical energy transformation. Thermogenesisi in brown fat tissuei. Bioluminiscence. Bioenergetics of natrium ion. Evolution of bioenergetic processes. Bioenergetics and cycles of biogenic compounds in nature.

The course provides students with additional understanding and in-depth discussions on recently covered material from the course in Bioenergetics.