| (*)Students know the principles of biochemistry (k1), can describe and explain structures of biomolecules (k2), can apply the gained knowledge in other courses and their research (k3), recognize the structures and structural motifs of biomolecules (k4).
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(*)1) Composition of organisms, biogenic elements, prokaryotes and eukaryotes - their characterization and composition, organelles and their origin, biological macromolecules, non-covalent interactions, basic concept of metabolism
2) Introduction to metabolism, catabolism, anabolism, oxidation, electron carriers, role of ATP, substrate phosphorylation, high-energy bonds, coenzyme A
3) Respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation and photosynthesis
4) Citric acid cycle as a centre of catabolic and anabolic processes in the organism
5) Sugars, classification, structure, function, cyclization, glycosidic bond, polysaccharides, structure and function, glycoconjugates, extracellular matrix. Metabolism of sugars, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, Pentose phosphate pathways.
6) Lipids, characterization and function, lipids without fatty acids, fatty acids and their role in physicochemical properties of lipids, branched lipids. Lipid metabolism.
7) Biological membranes, composition, function, membrane rafts, membrane transport, signaling, membrane pumps, Na/K concept.
8) Amino acids, structure, properties, function, peptide bond, peptides and proteins, methods of isolation, sequencing, structure determination.
9) Protein structure, Ramachandran plot, primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure. Globular and filamentous proteins, posttranslational modifications.
10) Function of proteins, Hemoglobin, antibodies, actin and myosin, keratin, collagen, fibroin. Metabolism of proteins and amino acids.
11) Nucleic acids, nucleosides and nucleotides, bases, DNA and RNA, structure and function, central dogma, chemical modification of nucleotides
12) Enzymes, function, kinetics, nomenclature, inhibition Students will gain knowledge of the basics of biochemistry and must pass a test.
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