| Subject | Conceptual data models: UML/entity relationship diagrams
Logical data models: Relational, semi-structured (XML), graph-oriented (RDF)
Query languages: SQL, XQuery, Sparql
Database management systems: Relational, object-oriented, graph stores, document stores
Data modeling and data integration
Implicit knowledge, methods and concepts of knowledge acquisition and
 representation: ontologies, business rules, knowledge graphs
 Knowledge-based systems, knowledge management in organizations
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